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Таблица префиксов
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Submitted by Ирина Георгиевна Матвеева on вс, 04/09/2011 - 17:21 |
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Prefix
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Meaning
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Examples
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a-, an-, ab-
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without, not
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atypical, anhydrous, abnormal
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abs-
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away, departing from
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abstract
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ambi-
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both
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ambivalent
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ante-
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before
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antedate, anteroom
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anti-
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against opposite
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antislavery, antifascist
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auto-
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self
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automobile
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bi-
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two
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biannual
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co-; com-
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together with, joint
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coexist, coauthor
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counter-
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opposite
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counterattack
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de-
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to reverse an action, to remove, to deprive of
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demobilize, decentralize
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dis-
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not, opposite of
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disconnect, disobey
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en-
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to put into, to make
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enlarge, enclose
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ex-
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previous, former
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ex-minister
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extra-
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outside, beyond
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extracurricular
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hyper-
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overly, excessive
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hypertension
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in-, il-, im-, ir-
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not, without, lacking
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incomplete, irregular, illegal
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infra-
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below, beneath
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infrastructure
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inter-
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between, among
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international
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intra-
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within
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intravenous
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macro-
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large
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macrocomputer
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mal-
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bad, wrongful ill
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maltreat, malnutrition
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micro-
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small
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microchip
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mid-
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in the middle of
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mid-June
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mis-
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wrongly, bad, astray
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misbehave
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mono-
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one, single
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monorail
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multi-
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many
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multipurpose
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neo
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new, recent
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neoconservative
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non-
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not
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non-essential
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omm-
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all
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omnipotent
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post-
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after
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postwar
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pre-
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before
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prehistoric
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pro-
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in favour of
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prodemocratic
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re-
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again, back
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reeled, reopen
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retro-
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back
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retroactive
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semi-
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partly, half
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semicircle
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sub-
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under, less than normal
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subway, subnormal
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super-
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above, beyond, greater than
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supermarket, superman
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syn-, sym-
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together, at the same time
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synthesis
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trans-
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across
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transatlantic
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ultra-
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extremely, beyond
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ultramodern
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un-
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not, opposite, to reverse an action
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unknown, undisturbed
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uni-
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one
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uniform
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Suffixes
Suffixes that form nouns
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Suffix
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Meaning
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Original word
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New noun
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-асу, -су
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state
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candidate
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candidacy
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age
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result, process
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drain
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drainage
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-ance, -ence
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state, quality
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guide, exist
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guidance existence
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-ant, -ent
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agent, doer
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consult, reside
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consultant resident
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-action
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action
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condemn
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condemnation
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-ition, -ion
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state, result
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abolish, fuse
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abolition fusion
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-dom
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condition, state, domain
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wise, king
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wisdom kingdom
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-ее
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one receiving action
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trust
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trustee
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-eer
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doer, worker
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engine
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engineer
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-er, -or
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doer, maker resident
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narrate, London
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narrator Londoner
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-ful
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amount
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spoon
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spoonful
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-hood
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state, condition
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child
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childhood
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-ism
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system
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feudal
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feudalism
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-ity
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state, quality
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valid
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validity
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-ive
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agent, doer
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detect
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detective
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-ment
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action, result
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amaze
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amazement
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-ness
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quality, state
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vivid
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vividness
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(e)ry
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people or things as a whole
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rob, dentist
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robbery dentistry
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-ship
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state, condition
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member
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membership
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-tude
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quality, state
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serve
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servitude
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-ure
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result, means
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depart
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departure
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-y
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result, action
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jealous
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jealousy
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Suffixes that form adjectives
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Suffix
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Meaning
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Original word
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New adjective
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-able, -ible
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able, capable of
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reason
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reasonable
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-al
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characteristic of
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season
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seasonal
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-ant, -ent
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doing, showing
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appear, observe
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apparent, observant
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-ary
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tending to
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fragment
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fragmentary
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-ate
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full of, having
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affection
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affectionate
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-en
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made of, like
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gold
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golden
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-ful
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full of, having
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wonder
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wonderful
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-ic
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relating to, characteristic of
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German, romance
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Germanic, romantic
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-ive
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given to
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attract
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attractive
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-less
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lacking, without
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life
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lifeless
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-like
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similar, like
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ape bell
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apelike bell-like
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-iy
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like, characteristic of
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mother
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motherly
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-ous
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full of, marked by
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fury
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furious
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-some
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apt to
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trouble
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troublesome
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-ward
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in the direction of
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west
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westward
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У
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like, showing
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shade
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shady
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Suffixes that form Nouns and Adjectives
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Suffix
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Meaning
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Original word
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New noun and adjective
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-an, -ian
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belonging
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America
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American
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-ese
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smth or smb of a place or a style
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Japan
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Japanese
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-ine
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smth or smb characteristic of
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Florence
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Florentine
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-ish
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smth characteristic of
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Spain
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Spanish
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-ist
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doer, believer, related to
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Buddha
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Buddhist
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-ite
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(smth or someone) characteristic of
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Israel
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Israelite
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Suffixes that form verbs
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Suffix
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Meaning
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Original word
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New verb
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-ate
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become, form, treat
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hyphen
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hyphenate
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-en
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make, cause to be
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wide
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widen
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fy, -ify
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cause, make to be
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solid
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solidify
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-ize
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make, cause to be
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central
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centralize
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